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Common Possible Causes for Online Payment Transaction Failures

March 16, 2012 Leave a comment

 

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Categories: Financial, Self Management

Home Loan EMI Calculator including Principal and Interest Breakup

March 12, 2012 Leave a comment

 

Loan Amount (P)

3000000

Interest Rate

10.75

Interest Rate in % per Month ( r )

0.008958333

Tenure: No. Of Installments (Years)

10

Tenure: No. Of Installments (Months) (n)

120

Processing Fee (0.5%)

15000

Total Interest Amount payable by the end of tenure

3225000

Interest Potion in EMI Amount

322500

Pre-payment Fee

 

 

 

1+r

1.0

image

(1+r)^n

2.9

 

((1+r)^n – 1)

1.9

 

P*r

26875

EMI

40902

Total Interest Amount payable by the end of tenure

1908192

Total Interest Amount payable in EMI

15902

Overall (principal + Interest) Amount payable by the end of tenure

4908192

 

Calculations at the end of the loan closure

Home Loan

3000000

Home Loan Interest

1908192

Overall Cost of the home

4908192

Rent you might earn during the loan period (that can be counted in for EMI)

2400000

Net EMI you need to pay

20902

Net worth of the home costing you after deducting the rent earned

2508192

Benefit of rent amount surparsing the interest amount

491808

Benefit of Tax exemption for the principal amount (1 Lac per annum)

20000

Benefit of Tax exemption for the Interest amount (1.5 Lac per annum)

30000

Overall Principal and Interest Tax benefit at the end of tenure

500000

Net worth of the home costing you after deducting the tax benefits as well

2008192

   
   
 

 

 

Housing Loan EMI Excel calculators:

 

 

 

References:

BankBazar Housing Loan EMI Calculator

The Money Quest: Home Loan Tax Benefits – Section 80c vs. 24(b)

Categories: Financial

Evaluation of Formula for Home Loan EMI

March 11, 2012 Leave a comment

 

Suppose you take on a loan for P Rupees, the tenure of the loan is n months (for example, n=240 for a 20-year loan), the monthly rate of interest is r (usually calculated by dividing the annual rate of interest quoted by the bank by 12, the number of months in a year, and dividing that by 100 as the rate is usually quoted as a percentage) and E Rupees is the EMI you have to pay every month. Let us use Pi to denote the amount you still owe to the bank at the end of the i-th month. At the very beginning of the tenure, i=0 and P0=P, the principal amount you took on as a loan.

At the end of the first month, you owe the bank the original amount P, the interest accrued at the end of the month r×P and you pay back E. In other words:

P1 = P + r×P – E

or to rewrite it slightly differently:

P1 = P×(1 + r) – E

Similarly, at the end of the second month the amount you still owe to the bank is:

P2 = P1×(1 + r) – E

or substituting the value of P1 we calculated earlier:

P2 = (P×(1 + r) – E)×(1 + r) – E

and once again expanding it and rewriting it slightly differently:

P2 = P×(1 + r)2 – E×((1 + r) + 1)

where "xy" denotes "x raised to the power y" or "x multiplied by itself y times". To make this look slightly simpler, we substitute "(1 + r)" by "t" and now it looks like this:

P2 = P×t2 – E×(1 + t)

Continuing in this fashion and calculating P3, P4, etc. we quickly see that Pi is given by:

Pi = P×ti – E×(1 + t + t2 + … + ti-1)

At the end of n months (that is, at the end of the tenure of the loan), the total amount you owe to the bank should have become zero. In other words, Pn=0. This implies that:

Pn = P×tn – E×(1 + t + t2 + … + tn-1) = 0

which means that:

P×tn = E×(1 + t + t2 + … + tn-1)

We can simplify this further by noticing that we have a geometric series of n terms here with a common ratio of t and a scale factor of 1. The sum of such a series is given by "(tn – 1)/(t – 1)", which we substitute in the above equation to yield:

P×tn = E×(tn – 1)/(t – 1)

which can be rewritten as:

E = P×tn×(t – 1)/(tn – 1)

which can again be rewritten by substituting the value of t back as "(1 + r)" as:

E = P×r×(1 + r)n/((1 + r)n – 1)

and this is the formula for calculating your EMI. This formula can also be rendered more clearly as:

 

Suppose you take a loan from a bank of 10,00,000 Rupees for 15 years at 8.5% annual rate of interest calculated on a monthly rest basis. In that case, P = 10,00,000, n = 15×12 = 180 and r = (8.5/12)/100 = 0.0070833333. Putting these values into the formula given above gives us E = 9847.40 (approximately).
When you write a programme to calculate your EMI using the formula given above, be careful to structure your computations to accommodate loss of precision and rounding errors. For more information, read "What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic" (PDF) by David Goldberg or section 4.2, "Floating Point Arithmetic", in "The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 2: Seminumerical Algorithms" (3rd Edition) by Donald Knuth.

 

Source: rmathew: Calculating EMIs

Categories: Financial

Home loan Interest rates from leading Primary Lending Institutions in India

March 11, 2012 Leave a comment
Categories: Financial

RBI repo rate – Indian central bank’s current and historic interest rates

March 11, 2012 Leave a comment

Charts – historic RBI interest rates

Graph Indian interest rate RBI – interest rates last year

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Graph Indian interest rate RBI – long-term graph

The current Indian interest rate RBI (base rate) is 8.500 %

RBI – Reserve Bank of India

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the Indian central bank. The RBI’s most important goal is to maintain monetary stability – moderate and stable inflation – in India. For an overview of current inflation in India, click here or here for current inflation by country. The RBI uses monetary policy to maintain price stability and an adequate flow of credit. Rates which the Indian central bank uses for this are the bank rate, repo rate, reverse repo rate and the cash reserve ratio. Reducing inflation has been one of the most important goals for some time.
Other important tasks of the Reserve Bank of India are:

· to maintain the population’s confidence in the system, to safeguard the interests of those who have entrusted their money and to supply cost-effective banking systems to the population;

· to manage foreign currency controls: facilitating exports, imports and international payment traffic and developing and maintaining the trade in foreign currencies in India;

· issuing money (the rupee) and adequately ensuring a high quality money supply;

· providing loans to commercial banks in order to maintain or grow the Gross National Product (GNP);

· acting as the government’s banker;

· acting as the banks’ banker.

RBI Repo rate or key short term lending rate

When reference is made to the Indian interest rate this often refers to the repo rate, also called the key short term lending rate. If banks are short of funds they can borrow rupees from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) at the repo rate, the interest rate with a 1 day maturity. If the central bank of India wants to put more money into circulation, then the RBI will lower the repo rate. The reverse repo rate is the interest rate that banks receive if they deposit money with the central bank. This reverse repo rate is always lower than the repo rate. Increases or decreases in the repo and reverse repo rate have an effect on the interest rate on banking products such as loans, mortgages and savings.
This page shows the current and historic values of Indian central bank’s Repo rate.
For a summary of the current interest rates of a large number of central banks please click here.

Tables – current and historic Indian central bank interest rates

RBI latest interest rate changes

change date

percentage

october 25 2011

8.500 %

september 16 2011

8.250 %

july 26 2011

8.000 %

june 16 2011

7.500 %

may 03 2011

7.250 %

march 17 2011

6.750 %

january 25 2011

6.500 %

november 02 2010

6.250 %

september 16 2010

6.000 %

july 27 2010

5.750 %

Summary of other central banks’ interest rates

central bank interest rate

region

percentage

date

FED interest rate

United States

0.250 %

12-16-2008

RBA interest rate

Australia

4.250 %

12-06-2011

BACEN interest rate

Brazil

9.750 %

03-07-2012

BoE interest rate

Great Britain

0.500 %

03-05-2009

BOC interest rate

Canada

1.000 %

09-08-2010

PBC interest rate

China

6.560 %

07-06-2011

ECB interest rate

Europe

1.000 %

12-08-2011

BoJ interest rate

Japan

0.100 %

10-05-2010

CBR interest rate

Russia

8.000 %

12-23-2011

SARB interest rate

South Africa

5.500 %

11-19-2010

In order to be able to show the data on this page, we make use of a large number of sources of information that we believe to be reliable. For more information and our disclaimer, click here.

 

Source: RBI repo rate – Indian central bank’s current and historic interest rates

Categories: Financial

Chit Fund Interest and Returns Calculator

March 11, 2012 1 comment

Total Chit Amount

50000

No. Of Chit members

20

No.of EMIs (once per every member i.e. 1 x no.of members)

20

EMI (Total Chit Amount/No.of Members or EMIs)

2500

Chit Organizer commission (5% of Chit amount every month)

2500

Current Bank Interest Rate for Regular FD (Annual)

9.25

 

 

Month Number

EMI

Overall EMI Till that Month

Bank interest Till Date

Overall EMI with interest Till that Month

 

1

2500

2500

19

2519

 

2

2500

5019

39

5058

 

3

2500

7558

58

7616

 

4

2500

10116

78

10194

 

5

2500

12694

98

12792

 

6

2500

15292

118

15410

 

7

2500

17910

138

18048

 

8

2500

20548

158

20706

 

9

2500

23206

179

23385

 

10

2500

25885

200

26085

 

11

2500

28585

220

28805

 

12

2500

31305

241

31546

 

13

2500

34046

262

34309

 

14

2500

36809

284

37093

 

15

2500

39593

305

39898

 

16

2500

42398

327

42725

 

17

2500

45225

349

45573

 

18

2500

48073

371

48444

 

19

2500

50944

393

51336

 

20

2500

53836

415

54251

           

Totals

18

50000

 

4251

 

 

Utilizing Chit fund to make more earnings

You take the chit fund in the Fourth month

4

In the Fourth month you take chit at bid amount of

3000

Amount you get on second month

47000

Monthly Interest if you deposit the amount in bank

362

No. of Months left in your Chit

16

Overall Bank interest you earn on the deposit you made of chit amount

5797

Your overall returns from Chits

52797

Say you have two commission chits occurred in overall chit cycle

2

Worth of benefit you earn from commission chits

5000

Chit organizer commission to be removed

2500

Overall benefit returns from chit

55297

Overall benefit returns from chit (without organizer commission)

57797

Overall benefit

7797

Overall % benefit

15.6%

 

 

Excel Sheet Calculator: 

 

Other useful references:

Chit Funds in India

 

Source: How Chit Funds works and What are Chit Funds

Categories: Financial

Notes about Indian Government Tax

February 17, 2012 Leave a comment

Income Tax Department of Government of India (GOI) collects tax from all the citizens whose earnings cross taxable amount.  Tax is collected for every financial year (April this year to March of next year).

 

All the public and private sector companies operating in India, deducts certain amount of employee salary toward tax every month in the form of TDS (Tax deducted at Source).  This simplifies tax collection to be systematic. 

 

Government of India (GOI) under Income Tax rules allows certain expenditures borne by citizens to be exempted from the tax calculations.  However, every citizen claiming exemption has to submit the respective expenditure proof in order to avail the tax exemption.  The tax exempted expenditures are:

  1. House Rent: The least among the
    1. Actual H.R.A provided by company to the individual
    2. Rent > 10% of Basic
    3. 40% of Basic
  2.  
  3.  

1. Actual H.R.A 156,942 2. Rent>10% Basic 80,765 3. 40% Basic 156,941 (Least of above is exempt) 80,765

Categories: Financial

Format of Rental Receipt: RECEIPT OF HOUSE RENT

February 17, 2012 Leave a comment

RECEIPT OF HOUSE RENT

(Under Section 1 (13-A) of Income Tax Act)

Received a sum of Rs. ____________________________ (Rupees________________ ________________________________________________________________________

Towards the rent @____________________ per month from ___________________ to __________________ in respect of House No.____________________________ _________________________________________________ situated at ____________

_______________________________________________________________________

 

(Affix Revenue Stamp of Rs.1/-)

Date: Signature of the House Owner

Name:

Address: _____________________

______________________________

______________________________

 

 

Doc Formats:

Categories: Financial

IDBI "Being Me" Savings Account for Youth

February 9, 2012 Leave a comment

 

"Being Me" Savings Account

Schedule of Facilities are exclusive of service tax. Service Tax of 10.3% to be collected separately.

SCHEME CODE : RSYOU, RSYNE, RSYNO

December 15, 2011

Eligibility

Average Quarterly Balance : Saving

Rs.2,500/-

Account Opening Amount

Rs.2,500/-

Schedule of Facilities

International Debit Cum ATM Card

Free

Replacement of damaged/lost/stolen card/ re -generation of Pin/ Copy retrieval

Free

IDBI Bank ATM -Non Financial / Financial Transaction

Free

Other Bank ATM

5 transactions Free per month, thereafter Non Financial -Rs 8 per transaction Financial -Rs 20 per transaction

International ATM

Non Financial -Rs 30 per transaction Financial-Rs 140 per transaction

Personalised Multicity book

20 leaves per quarter free and Rs 2 per cheque leaf above free limit.

Account statements

Passbook

Free

Monthly statement by e-mail

Free

Duplicate Statement at the branch

Free

Duplicate Passbook / Hold mail facility / Overseas mailing

Free

Account closure charges

Nil

Certificates

Standing instructions

Free

Balance/Interest/Signature verification certificate/Banker’s report

Free

Foreign inward remittance certificate

Free

Remittances

Demand Drafts (Branch/Non Branch)/Payorder

10 Transactions Free per month (Both inclusive) Above free limit Rs 2.50/1000, (Min.-Rs 25/-and Max. Rs 10,000/-)

Payable at Par utilisation

Free

Foreign currency demand drafts / international money orders

Free

DD/ payorder cancellation (Domestic/Foreign Currency)

Free

NEFT

Upto Rs 1 Lakh -Rs 5 per transaction Rs 1,00,001 and above -Rs 25 per transaction

RTGS

Rs 2 lakh to Rs 5 Lakh -Rs 25 per transaction, Above Rs 5 lakh -Rs 50 per transaction.

Any Branch Banking*

Any branch cheque/ account to account transfers

Free

Cash deposits (Home Branch)

15 transactions per month free -Excess charged @Rs 2/1000. (Min. Rs 25 and Max Rs. 10,000/-) (15 transactions includes both Home -Non Home Cash deposit)

Cash deposits (Non -Home Branch) (Max. Rs. 50,000/-per day)

Any Branch Cash withdrawal(By self only)

Free (Upto Rs 50,000/-per day only)

The services allows you to operate your account from any IDBI bank branch across India. This service is not available for encashing FD, issuance of DD/PO and third party bearer cheque These can be done only at Home Branch. Third party cash withdrawal is not allowed. Third party cash deposit is allowed to the maximum of Rs 50,000/-per day per account.

Cheque transaction charges

Cheque collections (Branch/Non branch locations)/Speed Clearing

Only other bank commission will be recovered

Foreign currency cheque collection

Only other bank commission will be recovered

Cheque stop payment instructions

Free

Old records / copies of paid cheques

Free

Alternate Channel Banking

Internet/Mobile/Phone/SMS Banking

Free

Special Features *

Particular

Facilities

ATM Card

Free Being Me debit card

Cash withdrawal limit

Rs.25,000/-per day

POS (Point of sale)

Rs.25,000/-per day.

Other Features

Preferantial rate on educational loan.

Tie-up with various outlets.

Discounted charges for opening of share trading account.

* Special features shall be withdrawan if the Average Quarterly Balance is not maintained for two consecutive quarters

Charges

ECS/ Cheque issued and returned ( Financial reasons )

Rs 151

Unarranged overdraft / Cheque Purchase (A + B) (Subject to approval)

Per occasion (A)

Rs.102

Interest (B)

19.75%

 

Source: "Being Me" Savings Account  OR

Categories: Financial

Top 6 Rules for TDS on Fixed Deposit

December 9, 2011 Leave a comment

Top 6 Rules for TDS on Fixed Deposit

1. Tax Deduction at Source(TDS)

If you have fixed deposit in the nationalized bank or corporate, then interest income from the deposit amount is taxable and 10% will be deducted at the source. This process is called as Tax Deduction at Source(TDS).

2. Deposit in different branches

Interest income is calculated based on the branch, if you have FD in the bank, up to Rs.10000 interest income in that branch is not taxable and Rs.5000 in case of corporate FD like Tata Motors or Mahindra Finance. So, financiers advise customers to split the amount deposit in the different branches to avoid TDS.

3. Form 15H

If you are senior citizen(above 65) and your income is below the taxable income, then you can submit Form 15H to the bank branches to fully exempt from the tax. Note that if you are not submitting the forms, the tax will be deducted and you have get it through filing the tax returns. That normally takes another one year to refund the amount you paid as the tax. A fresh Form 15H needs to be furnished for each deposit that is placed with the Bank

4. Form 15G

If you are age is below 65 and your income is below the taxable income, then you can submit Form 15G to the bank branches to fully exempt from the tax. Note that if you are not submitting the forms, the tax will be deducted and you have get it through filing the tax returns. That normally takes another one year to refund the amount you paid as the tax.

5. Interest Income for Minor

Deposits held by minors are also subject to TDS. The credit for the TDS can be claimed by the person in whose hands the minor’s income is included.

6. Joint account with Senior citizen

A non-senior citizen can open a joint account with senior citizen. In that case senior citizen must be the first account holer and they can get the prevail interest rates applicable to senior citizen.

Source: Top 6 Rules for TDS on Fixed Deposit

Categories: Financial
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